A novel immunoglobulin G monolayer silver bio-nanocomposite

BACKGROUND Nanoparticles have a large number of surface atoms, which translates into a significant increase in the surface energy. Once introduced in a biological environment they tend to interact with proteins and form a protein corona shell. The aim of this study was to develop a novel, silver based, bio-nanocomposite for biological applications. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule was chosen for the passivation of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in order to avoid macrophage recognition of the synthesized structures. RESULTS Monodisperse IgG-folinate functionalized silver nanoparticles were obtained, with sizes around 39 nm. UV-Vis and UATR-FT-IR spectroscopies were employed to confirm the successful functionalization of the silver nanoparticles. Atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurements gave information about the size and shape of the nanoparticles prior and after the passivation with IgG. CONCLUSIONS Immunoglobulin G formed a monolayer around the nanoparticles with the binding site seemingly in the Fc domain, leaving the two Fab regions available for antigen binding. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an IgG-folinate functionalized AgNP bionanostructure developed for biological applications. Graphical abstract:Graphical illustration for IgG-folinate silver nanoparticles functionalization steps.